The periodic table of the elements
The periodic table is an arrangment of the chemical elements ordered by atomic number so that periodic properties of the elements (chemical periodicity) are made clear.
Explore atom properties of the chemical elements through this periodic table
Group | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Period 1 |
1
1.008
Hydrogen
|
2
4.0026
Helium
|
|||||||||||||||||
2 |
3
6.94
Lithium
|
4
9.0122
Beryllium
|
5
10.81
Boron
|
6
12.011
Carbon
|
7
14.007
Nitrogen
|
8
15.999
Oxygen
|
9
18.998
Fluorine
|
10
20.180
Neon
|
|||||||||||
3 |
11
22.990
Sodium
|
12
24.305
Magnesium
|
13
26.982
Aluminium
|
14
28.085
Silicon
|
15
30.974
Phosphorus
|
16
32.06
Sulfur
|
17
35.45
Chlorine
|
18
39.948
Argon
|
|||||||||||
4 |
19
39.098
Potassium
|
20
40.078
Calcium
|
21
44.956
Scandium
|
22
47.867
Titanium
|
23
50.942
Vanadium
|
24
51.996
Chromium
|
25
54.938
Manganese
|
26
55.845
Iron
|
27
58.933
Cobalt
|
28
58.693
Nickel
|
29
63.546
Copper
|
30
65.38
Zinc
|
31
69.723
Gallium
|
32
72.630
Germanium
|
33
74.922
Arsenic
|
34
78.971
Selenium
|
35
79.904
Bromine
|
36
83.798
Krypton
|
|
5 |
37
85.468
Rubidium
|
38
87.62
Strontium
|
39
88.906
Yttrium
|
40
91.224
Zirconium
|
41
92.906
Niobium
|
42
95.95
Molybdenum
|
43
Tc ☢
98
Technetium
|
44
101.07
Ruthenium
|
45
102.91
Rhodium
|
46
106.42
Palladium
|
47
107.87
Silver
|
48
112.41
Cadmium
|
49
114.82
Indium
|
50
118.71
Tin
|
51
121.76
Antimony
|
52
127.60
Tellurium
|
53
126.90
Iodine
|
54
131.29
Xenon
|
|
6 |
55
132.91
Caesium
|
56
137.33
Barium
|
* |
71
174.97
Lutetium
|
72
178.49
Hafnium
|
73
180.95
Tantalum
|
74
183.84
Tungsten
|
75
186.21
Rhenium
|
76
190.23
Osmium
|
77
192.22
Iridium
|
78
195.08
Platinum
|
79
196.97
Gold
|
80
200.59
Mercury
|
81
204.38
Thallium
|
82
207.2
Lead
|
83
208.98
Bismuth
|
84
Po ☢
209
Polonium
|
85
At ☢
210
Astatine
|
86
Rn ☢
222
Radon
|
7 |
87
Fr ☢
223
Francium
|
88
Ra ☢
226
Radium
|
** |
103
Lr ☢
262
Lawrencium
|
104
Rf ☢
267
Rutherfordium
|
105
Db ☢
270
Dubnium
|
106
Sg ☢
269
Seaborgium
|
107
Bh ☢
270
Bohrium
|
108
Hs ☢
269
Hassium
|
109
Mt ☢
278
Meitnerium
|
110
Ds ☢
281
Darmstadtium
|
111
Rg ☢
281
Roentgenium
|
112
Cn ☢
285
Copernicium
|
113
Nh ☢
286
Nihonium
|
114
Fl ☢
289
Flerovium
|
115
Mc ☢
289
Moscovium
|
116
Lv ☢
293
Livermorium
|
117
Ts ☢
293
Tennessine
|
118
Og ☢
294
Oganesson
|
*Lanthanoids | * |
57
138.91
Lanthanum
|
58
140.12
Cerium
|
59
140.91
Praseodymium
|
60
144.24
Neodymium
|
61
Pm ☢
145
Promethium
|
62
150.36
Samarium
|
63
151.96
Europium
|
64
157.25
Gadolinium
|
65
158.93
Terbium
|
66
162.50
Dysprosium
|
67
164.93
Holmium
|
68
167.26
Erbium
|
69
168.93
Thulium
|
70
173.05
Ytterbium
|
||||
**Actinoids | ** |
89
Ac ☢
227
Actinium
|
90
Th ☢
232.04
Thorium
|
91
Pa ☢
231.04
Protactinium
|
92
U ☢
238.03
Uranium
|
93
Np ☢
237
Neptunium
|
94
Pu ☢
244
Plutonium
|
95
Am ☢
243
Americium
|
96
Cm ☢
247
Curium
|
97
Bk ☢
247
Berkelium
|
98
Cf ☢
251
Californium
|
99
Es ☢
252
Einsteinium
|
100
Fm ☢
257
Fermium
|
101
Md ☢
258
Mendelevium
|
102
No ☢
259
Nobelium
|
The standard form of the periodic table shown here includes periods (shown horizontally) and groups (shown vertically). The properties of elements in groups are similar in some respects to each other.
There is no one single or best structure for the periodic table but by whatever consensus there is, the form used here is very useful and the most common. The periodic table is a masterpiece of organised chemical information and the evolution of chemistry's periodic table into the current form is an astonishing achievement.