โ–ธโ–ธ
  • ๐Ÿ‡ฌ๐Ÿ‡ง Krypton
  • ๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡ฆ ะšั€ะธะฟั‚ะพะฝ
  • ๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡ณ ๆฐช
  • ๐Ÿ‡ณ๐Ÿ‡ฑ Krypton
  • ๐Ÿ‡ซ๐Ÿ‡ท Krypton
  • ๐Ÿ‡ฉ๐Ÿ‡ช Krypton
  • ๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡ฑ ืงืจื™ืคื˜ื•ืŸ
  • ๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡น Cripto
  • ๐Ÿ‡ฏ๐Ÿ‡ต ใ‚ฏใƒชใƒ—ใƒˆใƒณ
  • ๐Ÿ‡ต๐Ÿ‡น Criptônio
  • ๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡ธ Kriptón
  • ๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ช Krypton
  • ๐Ÿ‡ท๐Ÿ‡บ ะšั€ะธะฟั‚ะพะฝ

Krypton atoms have 36 electrons and the shell structure is 2.8.18.8. The ground state electronic configuration of neutral krypton is [Ar].3d10.4s2.4p6 and the term symbol of krypton is 1S0.

Krypton: description  

Krypton is present in the air at about 1 ppm. The atmosphere of Mars contains a little (about 0.3 ppm) of krypton. It is characterised by its brilliant green and orange spectral lines. The spectral lines of krypton are easily produced and some are very sharp. In 1960 it was internationally agreed that the fundamental unit of length, the metre, should be defined as 1 m = 1,650,763.73 wavelengths (in vacuo) of the orange-red line of Kr-33.

Under normal conditions krypton is colourless, odourless, fairly expensive gas. Solid krypton is a white crystalline substance with a face-centered cubic structure which is common to all the "rare gases". Krypton difluoride, KrF2, has been prepared in gram quantities and can be made by several methods.

krypton
Image adapted with permission from Prof James Marshall's (U. North Texas, USA) Walking Tour of the elements CD.

Krypton: physical properties

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Krypton: heat properties

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Krypton: atom sizes

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Krypton: electronegativities

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Krypton: orbital properties

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Krypton: abundances

More geological data...

Krypton: crystal structure

Kr crystal structure
The solid state structure of krypton is: ccp (cubic close-packed).

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Krypton: biological data

Krypton has no biological role.

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Krypton: uses

Uses...

Krypton: reactions

Reactions of krypton as the element with air, water, halogens, acids, and bases where known.

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Krypton: binary compounds

Binary compounds with halogens (known as halides), oxygen (known as oxides), hydrogen (known as hydrides), and other compounds of krypton where known.

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Krypton: compound properties

Bond strengths; lattice energies of krypton halides, hydrides, oxides (where known); and reduction potentials where known.

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Krypton: history

Krypton was discovered by Sir William Ramsay, Morris W. Travers in 1898 at Great Britain. Origin of name: from the Greek word "kryptos" meaning "hidden".

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Krypton: isotopes

Isotope abundances of krypton
Isotope abundances of krypton with the most intense signal set to 100%.

Krypton isotopes are used in various medical and scientific applications. Kr-82 is used for the production of Rb-81/Kr-81m generators. Many of the stable isotopes of Krypton are used in the study of the pulmonary system. Kr-78 can be used for the production of Br-75 although production of Br-75 via Se-76 is more common. Kr-86 has been used to define the standard measure of length: 1 meter is exactly 1,650,763.73 wavelengths of this isotope.

More isotope and NMR data...

Krypton: isolation

Isolation: krypton is present to a small extent (about 1 ppm by volume) in the atmosphere and is obtained as a byproduct from the liquefaction and separation of air. This would not normally be carried out in the laboratory and krypton is available commercially in cylinders at high pressure.