Chemical reactions of the elementsReaction of hafnium with airHafnium metal is coated with an oxide layer that usually renders it inactive. However hafnium will burn in air if provoked to form hafnium dioxide, HfO2. Finely divided hafnium is pyrophoric making it a fire hazard. Hf(s) + O2(g) → HfO2(s) Reaction of hafnium with waterHafnium does not react with water under normal conditions. Reaction of hafnium with the halogensHafnium does react with the halogens upon warming to form hafnium(IV) halides. So, hafnium reacts with fluorine, F2, chlorine, Cl2, bromine, Br2, and iodine, I2, to form respectively hafnium(IV) fluoride, HfF4, hafnium(IV) chloride, HfCl4, hafnium(IV) bromide, HfBr4, and hafnium(IV) iodide, HfI4. Hf(s) + 2F2(g) → HfF4(s) [white] Hf(s) + 2Cl2(g) → HfCl4(l) [white] Hf(s) + 2Br2(g) → HfBr4(s) [white] Hf(s) + 2I2(g) → HfI4(s) [white] Reaction of hafnium with acidsHafnium metal is coated with an oxide layer that usually renders it inactive. Most cold mineral acids have little effect. Hafnium does dissolve in hydrofluoric acid, HF, presumably to form fluoro complexes. Reaction of hafnium with basesHafnium does not appear to react wih alkalis under normal conditions, even when hot. WebElements ShopWebElements now has a WebElements shop at which you can buy periodic table posters, mugs, T-shirts, games, molecular models, and more.
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